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However, just how do you create a system that has a decentralized ledger How do you give someone the ability to update the ledger without giving them a lot of powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their work
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves this in a Really creative way I love to phone Who Wants to Be a Banker
In short, anyone who wants to participate in updating the ledger of Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do so. All you need is to guess a random number that solves an equation generated by the computer system. Sounds easy, right
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Obviously, this guessing is all done by your computer. The more powerful your computer is, the further guesses you can create in a second, increasing your chances of winning this game. If you manage to figure correctly, you earn bitcoins and get to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining computer comes up with the right suspect, your mining system determines which of the current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this block represents your moment of glory, as youve now develop into a temporary banker of Bitcoin who gets to upgrade the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve generated, along with the solution, is sent to the entire network so other computers can affirm it. Its a bit similar to some Rubiks cube: The solution is very tough to achieve but very easy to validate.
3. Every computer that validates your solution upgrades its copy of this Bitcoin transaction ledger together with the transactions that you opted to include in the block.
4. The system generates a predetermined amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and rewards them to you as compensation for time and energy you spent solving the math problem.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees that were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. Each of the transactions in the cube youve just entered are now confirmed from the Bitcoin network and therefore are virtually irreversible.
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So thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining due to the fact that this process helps mine new Bitcoins from the computer system. But if you think about it, the mining part that site is merely a by-product of the transaction confirmation procedure. Therefore the name is somewhat misleading, since the main goal of mining is to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a type of guessing, for each block, a different miner will guess the number and also be granted the right to update the blockchain. Obviously, that the miners with computing power will succeed more often, but due to the law of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the same miner will succeed every time. .
Now that you know what Bitcoin mining is, you might be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the principles for mining in a manner that the more mining power the network has, the harder it is to imagine the answer to the mining mathematics problem. So that the difficulty of this mining process is really self-adjusting to the accumulated mining capability the network owns. .
If more miners join, it is going to get more difficult to solve the problem; if many of them drop off, it is going to get easier. This is known as mining issue.
Now, rememberthis is on average. We can have two cubes being inserted minute after minute and then wait an hour for the next block. In the long run, this may even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this type of self-adjusting mechanism has made a type of arms race to acquire the most efficient and powerful miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a lot of miners on the market. In fact, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and also his friend Hal Finney were a couple of the only individuals mining Bitcoin back in the time with their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining issue was reduced. As Bitcoin started to catch on, people looked for more potent mining solutions.